

People suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) now have a way out of their predicament: a new drug with increased efficiency against the symptoms of BPH is now on the market. Avodart (chemical name: dutasteride) is an inhibitor of 5α-reductase (5AR). This enzyme breaks down the hormone testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is the primary agent in controlling prostatic growth. Briefly, DHT attaches to the androgen receptors of the prostatic epithelial cells and causes the release of growth factors. As a result of its slow dissociation from receptors, DHT has a prolonged effect. The enlargement of the prostate glands results, with the set of uncomfortable symptoms: urinary frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, and nocturia (i.e. voiding at night). Avodart can be prescribed under medical supervision for the treatment of BPH in men with an enlarged prostate in order to relieve symptoms and reduce the need of surgery (which entails significant risks).
How does Avodart function?
The mechanism of action of Avodart is simply to prevent the production of DHT by reducing the action of the enzymes that metabolize testosterone into it. Clinical tests show that daily ingestion of 0.5mg of Avodart leads to as much as 85-90% reduction in blood serum concentration of DHT. Prolonged treatment with Avodart (up to 4 years) shows a decrease in DHT blood concentration of 95%. The main advantage of Avodart is that it does not attach to androgen receptors and therefore does not limit the action of other androgens.
Clinical Efficiency
The efficiency of Avodart on relieving the symptoms of BPH is quite significant. The following table reviews the results of clinical tests on two groups of people suffering from BPH: one treated with Avodart and the other with a placebo.
| Symptom/Condition | Occurrence | |
| | Avodart Group | Placebo Group |
| Incidence of Acute Urinary Retention | 1.8% | 4.2% |
| Need for surgery | 2.2% | 4.1% |
| Prostate Volume | -24.7% | -3.4% |
| Increase in Maximum Urine Flow Rate | 1.6mL/second | 0.7 mL/second |
It is therefore evident that Avodart has a marked effect on reducing the symptoms of BPH. It also reduces the need for patients to undertake risky surgery.
Side Effects?
In most healthy subjects, no significant hormone level changes were noted except for a decrease in DHT and an increase in testosterone. As regards, effects on the reproductive function, the following effects were apparent:
| Condition | %Change |
| Total Sperm Count | -23% |
| Semen Volume | -26% |
| Sperm Motility | -18% |
Sperm concentration and morphology were intact. The above changes are not reported to affect an individual’s fertility to a great extent.
Other possible side effects include: impotence, decreased sex drive, enlarged breasts, and allergic reactions. These events, however, are not reported to have occurred frequently.
Special Groups
Avodart cannot be taken by women and children. Pregnant women should not consume or even handle Avodart capsules (as the product can be absorbed by the skin). If a pregnant woman has ingested Avodart in sufficient amounts, the male fetus may be born with abnormal sex organs.
Other Considerations
Avodart is reported to cause a decrease in Prostate-Specific Antigens (PSA) in the blood. PSA is normally used to detect prostate cancer. The doctor should take this factor into consideration when testing for prostate cancer in people undergoing treatment with Avodart.
Finpecia is a drug that is also known as finasteride and is marketed under many names, the most well known being Propecia, a hair loss medication for men.
Erectile dysfunction is considered as one of the common disease of men today. Due to many factors, there is an increase in the number of men suffering ED every year. Men ages 40 and above are the population that is prone to this condition. However, the launching of many products that treats ED makes this disease manageable.
The launching of kamagra enables most men having erectile dysfunction to enhance their sexual drive and endurance and finally overcome their erectile dysfunction. Kamagra contains Sildenafil Citrate which is a PDE-5 inhibitor hence allowing the blood to flow into the penis to allow erection. When a man is sexually aroused, it produces 2 chemicals, the cyclic GMP and phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5). Cyclic GMP works on the muscles in arterial wall of the penis to relax, allowing the blood to flow and the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) is responsible in decreasing erections.
Using Kamagra, just like other sildenafil citrate and drugs that treats erectile dysfunction can produce side effects. Oftentimes it is mild like stomach upset, headache and facial flushing but there are few cases of blurred vision and sensitivity to light. Take note of this, if you are experiencing nausea, dizziness or chest pain during intercourse, medical intervention is necessary without delay.
Medication containing nitrate was found out to be very dangerous if taken together with kamagra. It will cause a sudden drop of blood pressure that may result to more serious condition. It is necessary to be aware of the other medications you are taking before taking this drug. If you are suffering from kidney and liver disease, heart failure, allergies, and high or low blood pressure. It is very important to consult your doctor before taking this drug. There is a proper dosage base on your case that only your doctor can determine.
Today lots of men having erectile dysfunction shifted to Kamagra because it is the cheapest Sildenafil Citrate available in the market. Just like other brand it is also very effective in treating impotence. Generic has made a major change in prices of medicines. Kamagra is another generic product that gains positive comments from its users. It is available in tablet and oral jelly form.
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Cataogry : Men Health
INTRODUCTION
Advancements in the field of science have a tremendous effect in the lifestyle of people around the world. The things which we were only conceiving in our minds a long time ago came into reality after years of research and testing of the greatest minds of every century. The pursuit for the elixir of life has become a race for most developed countries so a lot of them are investing a lot of money, time and effort just to bring quality life in every household around the globe, most especially to those who can afford.
With these evident realities at hand, it is undoubtedly a fact that aside from the prolonging of life span, production of goods which are luxurious and would give immediate satisfaction is also being held as a primary consideration. In medical science, one such thing that has brought so much change in the lifestyle of people is the manufacture of Viagra, a drug that has been popular among people of all ages and races for adding more color to one of the basic needs of humanity---sex.
BRIEF HISTORY
It is safe to remember that Viagra is not for everybody. Originally, Viagra was developed by Pfizer as a drug to help men who were suffering from chest pain. However, sildenafil citrate, the active ingredient of Viagra, as a heart medication did not show progress of attaining its purpose and studies were stopped in 1992. Yet, based on published information about some properties contained in sildenafil citrate, Pfizer researchers began to look at it as a treatment for erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction can also be termed as impotence or the difficulty to have an erection or maintaining it among males. Re-evaluation for its effect on the ability of men with ED to engage in sexual activity, and the ability to achieve and maintain erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity was taken.
Later, the clinical trials conducted by the researchers found Viagra to be so effective that the FDA approved it only six months after submission, and without consulting an advisory committee of outside experts because there were no troubling questions and no significant side effects. In furtherance to its primary uses, Viagra is being tested against pulmonary hypertension in children and infertility in women.
HOW IT WORKS
Basically Viagra’s appearance is bluish, diamond-shaped tablets with 25mg, 50mg, or 100mg strengths embossed on one side, denoting tablet strength. It works by dilating blood vessels throughout the body, allowing blood to flow more readily to the heart, lungs and other organs. Moreover, Viagra relaxes smooth muscle contractions in the penis. Around 70 percent of men using it reported some improvement in achieving and maintaining an erection. Effects normally begin within 30 minutes and last about 4 hours.
Since Viagra is only for those who have erectile dysfunctions, the drug must be taken orally once a day, one hour before the sexual activity. Viagra is not meant to be taken regularly for a prolonged period. Just take it when you need it.
An important thing to remember also is, you should not take Viagra if you are using nitrate drugs to control angina pain because the combination of the nitrate drugs and Viagra can lower your blood pressure dangerously putting your life in danger. The combinations of drugs are life-threatening for you. If it gives you an allergic reaction, do not use it again. Also, if you have severe heart problems where sexual activity can be a danger to your life, do not take Viagra.
AFTER EFFECTS
Side effects of using Viagra include headache, flushed skin, and anxiety. Its serious risks can include distorted vision and priapism -- a painful, prolonged erection that may require medical intervention. Historically, 69 deaths were linked to Viagra during its first three months on the market so the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a warning against using it with amyl nitrate ("poppers"), nitroglycerin, and nitrous oxide since each dilates blood vessels, thus, a dangerous drop in blood pressure can result, leading to possible heart attack or stroke.
ADDICTIVE?
Probably yes. Firstly, men who take Viagra to obtain even greater pleasure from their sex life become so much used to the drug that they find their love life uninteresting without the use of Viagra, as compared to earlier. Secondly, to some men, the effect of Viagra may decrease with time hence these men are less likely to have a non Viagra erection as compared to earlier when they did not take Viagra. Moreover, some men with no performance problems except psychologically may take even far larger doses of the drug to satisfy their own perception of a satisfactory sexual performance.
CONCLUSION
With the facts given, the question now is, “Is it for you?” Think it over. Never rush.
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Kamagra (Generic Viagra) [sildenafil citrate], manufactured by Ajanta Pharma, Ltd, this drug is the first cyclic guanosine monophosphate [cGMP] specific phosphodiesterase type 5 enzyme inhibitor. This enzyme helps in regulating the blood circulation in the penile tissue. This leads to better penile erection.
Kamagra (Generic Viagra) is primarily indicated in the treatment of impotence [erectile dysfunction]
The compound sildenafil was synthesized in Pfizer’s research lab in
The drug was patented in 1996, approved for use in erectile dysfunction by the Food and Drug Administration on March 27, 1998, becoming the first oral treatment approved to treat erectile dysfunction in the United States
Needless to say, this drug has become a household hit.
Erectile dysfunction:
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his sexual needs or the needs of his partner
Erection of the penis during coitus or otherwise is a result of increase in the blood flow of the arteries of the penis and simultaneous relaxation of the smooth muscle of corpora cavernosum. This whole process is due to the release of nitric oxide (NO) from nerve terminals and endothelial cells, which stimulates the synthesis of cGMP in smooth muscle cells. Cyclic GMP in turn, relaxes smooth muscle and resulting in an increase in the blood flow to the corpus cavernosum.
In erectile dysfunction, enough blood does not flow in the arteries of the penis to cause a sufficient erection.
Causes of erectile dysfunction:
With reduced libido:
- hypogonadism
- depression
With intact libido:
- psychological problems, including anxiety
- vascular insufficiency [atheroma]
- neuropathic [diabetes mellitus, alcohol excess, multiple sclerosis]
- drugs [beta blockers, thiazide diuretics]
.An organic cause can be found out in about 50% of the cases of erectile dysfunction; the rest are either psychogenic in origin or are due to a psychiatric illness such as depression which requires appropriate drug treatment. Systemic diseases like chronic liver or kidney diseases and drug addiction are important causes and should be looked for. In case of any psychogenic problem, even the partner should be actively involved in the counseling therapy
The physiologic mechanism of erection of the penis involves release of nitric oxide (NO) in the corpus cavernosum of the penile tissue during sexual stimulation. Nitric oxide then activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which results in increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), producing smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum and allowing inflow of blood. Kamagra (Generic Viagra) [sildenafil citrate] has no direct relaxant effect on isolated human corpus cavernosum, but enhances the effect of nitric oxide (NO) by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which is responsible for degradation of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. When sexual stimulation causes local release of nitric oxide, inhibition of PDE5 by sildenafil causes increased levels of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum, resulting in smooth muscle relaxation and inflow of blood to the corpus cavernosum. Sildenafil at recommended doses has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation.
There are many types of PDE, each having varied function. The plus point of Kamagra (Generic Viagra) [sildenafil citrate] is that it is PDE 5 selective, though it can also act on the other types of PDE. In fact higher doses or plasma levels of the drug is thought to be associated with defects in color vision due to its action on PDE 6.
Kamagra (Generic Viagra) [sildenafil citrate] has a 4,000-fold selectivity for PDE5 versus PDE3, which is concerned with cardiac contractility.
Indications:
- Erectile dysfunction. This is the main indication whereas for the indications given below, sildenafil is not in the first line treatment regimen.
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema associated with altitude sickness
- treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy [BPH]-associated lower urinary tract symptoms [LUTS]
Indications under investigation:
- Relieving female sexual dysfunction. Several studies have indicated the drug may be effective in improving libido and arousal in women taking selective serotonin uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Treatment of infertility. Women who have had repeated failures with in vitro fertilization (IVF) due to poor development of the endometrium [tissue that lines the uterus] may benefit from treatment with vaginal suppositories containing sildenafil.
- Esophageal motility dysfunction (achalasia), since it can enhance nitric oxide production.
Contraindications:
- patients on nitric oxide drugs since sildenafil potentiate the hypotensive effects of nitrates, and its administration to patients who are using organic nitrates, either regularly and/or intermittently, in any form is therefore contraindicated.
- There is a degree of cardiac risk associated with sexual activity, especially in elderly people above the age of 60 years. There is increase incidence of mortality and morbidity with KAMAGRA (GENERIC VIAGRA) [sildenafil]
- Severe hepatic impairment (decreased liver function)
- Severe impairment in renal function
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- History of stroke or heart attack
- Hereditary degenerative retinal disorders (including genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases)
Side effects:
The most commonly reported side effects of KAMAGRA (GENERIC VIAGRA) are headache, flushing of the face, upset stomach, and nasal congestion.
Other less common side effects include, but are not limited to:
Dosage:
Administered in the dose of 50 mg one hour before the intended sexual activity. Based on effectiveness and toleration, it can be increased to 100 mg or decreased to 25 mg.
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Acomplia (Rimonabant), marketed by Sanofi- Aventis is a selective CB1 endocannabinoid receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment of obesity.
Its mechanism of action is to block the endogenous cannabinoid binding to neuronal CB1 receptors.
What is endocannabinoid system?
The endocannabinoid system is in the part of the brain that regulates metabolism, energy levels and appetite.
With reference to the above drug, endocannabinoid receptors on activation will increase the appetite. Hence, drugs like Acomplia (Rimonabant) will block this endocannabinoid receptor, eventually leading to a decrease in the appetite. It is the most advanced endocannabinoid receptor antagonist in clinical development and offers a novel therapeutic approach to appetite control and weight reduction
So what is obesity?
Obesity medically is defined on the basis of Body Mass Index which is the individual's body weight divided by the square of their height in kg/m2. So, a BMI of 18.5 to 25 may indicate optimal weight; a BMI lower than 18.5 suggests the person is underweight while a number above 25 may indicate the person is overweight; a BMI below 17.5 may indicate the person has anorexia or a related disorder; a number above 30 suggests the person is obese (over 40, morbidly obese).
So technically speaking, those with their body mass index of 30 and above tend to fall in the high risk zone. It arises from the accumulation of excess fat in the body from over consumption of fatty foods and is now one of the most common nutritional disorders in the world.
Latest studies have corroborated the fact that obesity is a silent killer. It is associated with cardiovascular disease, especially angina and myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis leading to cerebrovascular accidents/ strokes.
They also cause joint pains and are also associated with certain cancers like that of the breast or of the colon. The proportion of obese individuals in the developed countries has reached epidemic proportions. To put this picture in a better perspective, statistics show that one in five of all Americans are obese and one in three overweight.
In the presence of diabetes mellitus it forms a deadly combination and is termed as diabetisity. It shows more predilections to Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Various therapeutic strategies have been explored, including:
All these strategies have shown some amount of success.
Usually, after having cannabis these drug addicts suffer from extreme hunger pangs which these smokers refer to as ‘munchies’. This lead to the belief that cannabinoid is associated with hunger pangs and if this receptor is suppressed it will lead to decreased appetite which is what precisely the manufacturers of Acomplia [Rimonabant] Sanofi-Aventis did.
[Rimonabant] prevents the endogenous cannabinoid binding to CB1 receptors in nerve cells. These CB1 receptors, when activated, stimulate appetite. Hence this drug blocks the activation of these CB1 receptors and thus reduces appetite.
SIDE EFFECTS:
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Acomplia [Rimonabant] taken for up to two years in conjunction with diet and exercise produces greater weight loss than the placebo, although most of the weight loss occurs in the first year.
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